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September 4, 2008

Transit on Thursday: The Case for Streetcars Edition

2008_0826_metrodualism.jpg

Last week, the Washington Business Journal ran a Q & A with Metro Chairman Chris Zimmerman, and while the majority of the interview was "Metro needs more funding" ad infinitum (not that we can argue), this one bit did catch our eye:

Transit-oriented development is what has made a success out of Arlington’s Rosslyn-Ballston corridor. Where else in Metro’s system do you see the best potential for new development?

Anywhere there’s a station. At first, it was just about getting revenue for Metro, but now, we’re trying to promote development that is environmentally sustainable and good for the system. The Prince George’s County stations all have good possibilities, but the biggest potential is at the stations that already have a lot going on, such as Navy Yard and NoMa.

Now, take into consideration a piece of our interview with David Alpert back in May:

H Street is the last major commercial corridor to recover from the 1968 riots, partly because it's the one without Metro access. There are many undeveloped parcels and residents are eager for development. More stores would locate there if Metro could bring shoppers and diners in from around the city and region. H Street is perhaps the best spot in all of D.C. to put a new Metro station.

Partly inspired by these quotes and partly inspired by Ryan Avent's late-August post lamenting the lack of a push on the issue (yes, we're admittedly late to this party - we blame Labor Day RSS backup), we got to thinking: aren't streetcars the answer to both these snippets of thought about development? We'd wager that building an east-west streetcar line with multiple stops down H Street, connecting to lines through Capitol Hill and points Southeast would not only work to bring more people and businesses to the H Street area, but would also be much more plausible in the short-term than Metro expansion there.

Photo by i love joy (more).

Maybe it's because there's a stigma that streetcars are nothing but a touristy relic of transit years gone by (for instance, San Francisco's street trolleys): but look at other cosmopolitan cities like Portland, which uses streetcars to encourage inter-neighborhood transit, and Toronto, a city that uses streetcars to massively increase cross-town accessibility. These cities have found the perfect niche for the medium: supplementation.

Richard Layman's drool-worthy and constantly evolving People's Transportation Plan 2008 notes that while we shouldn't overlook the "cultural heritage" of streetcars, bus service should be improved first. It's a legitimate argument - buses are cheaper to obtain, easier to maneuver, don't require all sorts of zoning and infrastructural hoops to run, and could certainly be improved upon. But one thing that streetcars has over buses is a sense of permanence - buses come and go, and when you miss one, it could be a while before you see one again. There's something more reassuring about that track in the road.

Of course, there's the rub. As it's been noted several times, overhead wires are currently banned in our fair city, and there's always the risk that anything without an overhead wire could just end up being a spiffier upgrade to buses: it'd be something, but not really streetcars. So we ask you — DDOT and the National Capital Planning Commission aside — do you think that allowing overhead wires would kill the "feeling" on H Street?

Holiday Traffic Was "Too Good": Well, we certainly feared the worst — and it almost was for a short period Friday morning — but on the whole, traffic on the return leg of the Labor Day weekend wasn't actually that bad. In a case of no news is good news, the Washington Post reports that folks manning the Maryland Highway Administration were mostly bored on Monday. (And they were probably also bored on Saturday and Sunday, to boot.) Virginia also saw a lower number of cars on the road this Labor Day. Consequently, the state saw a marked decline in traffic fatalities over last year's holiday.

There's plenty of reasons why Labor Day travel, usually the third busiest traffic weekend of the year (behind Thanksgiving and July 4th weekends), was so sluggish: gas prices, beautiful weather, and foreboding projects like the Bay Bridge lane closure might have helped keep most of those who were thinking about a last-minute trip in the area.

New Commuting Website For The Slug-Aversive: We asked you a couple of weeks ago about slugging, and didn't hear much back. (We can only assume that you're just as terrified about hopping into strange cars as we are.) Luckily, the Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments had you in mind when they launched Commuter Connections. The web site, which took two years to redevelop, offers commuters looking for carpools a way to connect with other like-minded folks who are looking to lower the cost of their commutes. Perhaps the most useful reason to sign up: up to four times per year, members can take advantage of the web site's Guaranteed Ride Home service, in which the program will pay for a cab ride from your workplace back home. (Of course, there are a few restrictions.) The site also offers traffic news and links to all three major DOTs in the area. Well played, Council of Governments.

Bait Bikes: On our post about what you can do after your bike's been stolen, commenter mho brought our attention to a note from First District MPD Commander heralding the successful use of "bait bikes" to catch would-be bike thieves. Well, that program is now getting some more press. According to the Examiner, seven of the first ten people caught taking the bait bikes had "extensive criminal histories, ranging from burglary to robbery to assault." Yikes. While it was no secret that bike thefts are about as common as a motorcade around here, it's a bit disconcerting to think that so many thieves are more hardened thugs than opportunists. I guess it's as good a time as any to bone up on how to properly lock your bike. Kudos to the First District for its common sense approach to dealing with a difficult and widespread problem.

Engines and Cabooses: Metro unveils online emergency maps for each Metro stop, with bus routes and walking radii... Have you experienced your commute's "September shock" yet?... Looks like Montgomery County picked a perfect place to introduce its new pedestrian safety plan... Wildly profitable MontCo speeding cameras are in court... Anacostia elevator to be rehabbed... MARC's got some fancy new double-decker trains... You can now get an RSS feed from WMATA of Metrobus and Metrorail delays, among other information.

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Comments (23) [rss]

First you need to convince those on a prospective streetcar line that it's a good thing. That tearing up the streets and a decline in business in the short term will pay off in more foot traffic and customers in the long term. Then you have to convince all the "it's too expensive" crowd that even though you're paying more up front, streetcars cost less than busses to repair and maintain in the long term. And you're generating a whole new customer base: people who wouldn't think of taking a bus (which one? what do I do if I get lost?) will take a streetcar because of the fixed route. And finally, in DC's case at least, you have to deal with the whole "no overhead wires downtown" problem.

Metro stations breed greater density and development. With that development, you need more transport options besides busses. You still have your work cut out for you. The Anacostia test line seems to be going nowhere, and the H Street line is a kind of "streetcar to nowhere." It terminates just short of the Union Station Metro. People aren't going to walk howevermany blocks just to go down H Street. They'll take a cab instead.

I've already thrown a bunch of poop at the Bait Bicyle Thieves. I still say that would make a great movie.

 

Why aren't the planned D.C. streetcars using an in-pavement conduit system for power, as opposed to overhead wires? Are such systems no longer used around the world?

 

"do you think that allowing overhead wires would kill the "feeling" on H Street?"

Is H St. covered by the overhead ban? I'm not 100% positive that it is in the "Old Washington" zone that prohibits overhead wires.

As to your question, I don't think it would kill the "feeling" of H St. But it's really a moot point. NCPC will never approve of overhead wires so long as there is a glimmer of hope that another option is possible, and Congress will never remove the ban over NCPC's objection.

 

You want to see light rail/streetcars, look at Baltimore. System is easy to use and dirt cheap. DC shouldn't have to reinvent the wheel on these things.

 

The primary concern with undergound power conduits is that use of street salt during the winter months wreaks havoc on the equipment, corroding connections and causing power surges and losses. There's also the concern that some dumbass will stick a crowbar in the third rail, fry themselves, and the family will sue the City for $100 zillion dollars for not including warnings stating "Sticking crowbars in the third rail will result in you frying yourself, dumbass" in five languages including Braille.

Considering the death toll associated with open-topped doubledecker bus surfing, this is a serious matter. Maybe!

 

Most of the Baltimore light rail was built on abandoned railway right-of-way, which helped make it dirt cheap to build. (Even then...they didn't do it right and double track the whole thing until a couple of years ago...) DC doesn't have that same luxury, save for the old CSX railway in Anacostia the city wanted to use but was told otherwise.

 

VRE sold the trains to MARC? Does that mean there will be less trains running on the VRE routes? Wasn't VRE already running at capacity?

 

I'm pretty sure VRE has new passenger cars to be delivered, and that this arrangement between them and MARC for the cars was agreed to months ago before the recent spike in riders.

 

Streetcars with underground conduit, please.

 

Underground tunnel carts with Morlock drivers! Maybe!

 

Bordeaux Underground Conduit Street Car = Fail

The technology is just not there yet and won't be cheap enough for some time. It is either overhead wires of internal combustion.

 

Yea, following up... VRE has been accepting a stream of new cars for the past few months. Selling these to MARC should not result in a net decrease in capacity since they've gotten more in the past 3 months than the 13 they're selling.

For MARC it's win-win since they need the extra capacity badly and don't have any orders on the books for new cars.

It's going to take about 2 months to get them all out and running for MARC though...

 

reid: h street is certainly in the "old washington zone". it's all part of the l'enfant city plan, so it's covered.

now, the part over the river to the minnesota avenue station, that's debatable, because benning road is the border between the old city and what lies beyond. but, i doubt they would switch from overhead to underground power supply in the middle of a line.

 

i have now been in four different cities in the past month and a half where overhead wires power buses or streetcars (tunis, rome, philly, and boston).

they are not a distraction, and they aren't an eyesore. i don't know why the hell this "ban" exists, because it's patently ridiculous. these wires are much thinner than the usual wires you see (i'm assuming because they're not covered in thick insulation), and there aren't hundreds of them criss-crossing the streets.

i understand not wanting to see cable, powerlines, phone lines, etc. going willy-nilly up in the air. but making an exception for one class of cable doesn't seem like a big deal to me. they tyranny of the NCPC is crazy. how can a group of appointed, unelected pencil pushers have control over an entire city. it isn't fair and shouldn't be...

 

Goph: DC did used to switch between overhead wires and third rails, at least according to Wikipedia:

...in Washington, D.C., local ordinances required electrified street railways to draw current from a third rail and return the current to a fourth rail, both installed in a continuous vault underneath the street and accessed by means of a collector that passed through a slot between the running rails. When streetcars on such systems entered territory where overhead lines were allowed, they stopped over a pit where a man detached the collector (plow) and the motorman placed a trolley pole on the overhead.
So, switching of power sources has been done. Whether or not it makes sense here, now that's a good question.
 

DC had the most extensive street car system in the country from the 1890s through 1962, when Congress forced the city to abandon it for busses. (couldn't imagine that GM, the highway lobby, etc. had anything to do with that).

Every numbered bus line is a legacy of street cars...the 42 in Mt Pleasant, 30s across town, 50s down 14th street, etc. All of the in DC lines used underground conduits, and the trolleys were pretty damn efficient. Among the legacy of the street cars is the underpasses on Conn. Ave and Mass Ave to avoid the circles and a lot of the turnarounds (14th and CO, etc.)

So, DC has had street cars before and could do it again. Also, my understanding from Portland and other cities is that while the upfront cost is much greater vs busses, the ridership is often higher, maintenance less and fuel less expensive, so there are plusses to street cars. Finally, if you look at cities as diverse as Portland, OR, Seattle, Denver, SF and even Dallas, the street cars are great for commuters and tourists -- bringing people off the main drag and into neighborhoods to spend their cash. It would not be bad for the city to have people spend some dollars in Adams Morgan, Columbia Heights or H Street and even Anacostia around MLK Blvd or the AA Heritage Museum instead of staying safely (and boringly) downtown)....


Not that i am in the tank for street cars or anything!

 

Imgoph:
"and there aren't hundreds of them criss-crossing the streets."

I've only seen Boston and San Frans. Boston's and some of San Fran's are unobtrusive. However, some of San Fran's really do look like mid-century Tokyo. But it is my understanding that those spider web wires are only for the electric buses, which need to have both a positive and negative connection (and thus more wires). But I'm not sure.

Johnny:
"Among the legacy of the street cars is the underpasses on Conn. Ave"

Actually, I'm not sure that's correct. The traffic bypass is not the same tunnel as the streetcar tunnel. The streetcar tunnel went (actually, still goes) around the circumference of the circle (from my Embassy Row walking tour I learned that the fact that it goes around the west side of the circle is the work of a rich homeowner on the right side, but who knows if that's really true). I think the underpass and the streetcar tunnel existed simultaneously and didn't intersect.

And I am also totally in the tank for streetcars, but I will admit that it's not really possible to compare the construction costs of the initial system with the (hopefully) future system. For one, they were born by private companies, not the city. And secondly, they were subsidized by the fact that the streetcar companies frequently owned the power plants and made a profit on selling energy.

If we can rebuild even half of the old system, it will represent a much bigger feat than the first generation was.

 

aaron: thanks for the update then. like you said, the feasibility of such a switch today is questionable, but at least we know it's possible.

 

If you thought Metro train drivers were unintelligible, just wait until you get on a streetcar run by a morlock. It's like they're screaming in Esperanto with their mouth full of marbles.

Ironically, the morlock phrase for "out of service" is the same as for "banana pudding," leading to more than a few awkward moments at the Sizzler buffet line.

 

X2. The X2 already goes down H Street.

A streetcar is a bus on tracks. What's so great about that?

Someone mentioned "fixed route." Paint the bus to indicate its route. Circulator has a fixed route.

The streetcar fixation is nothing more than romance with an outdated technology.

 

massysett: you're wrong on a few counts. first of all, there's no "technology is out of date" argument here. the newest, most up-to-date streetcars are clean, quiet, spacious, and comfortable modes of transport. the basics of the internal combustion engine's design are over 100 years old. are you going to tell me that's outdated technology? i can think of reasons to try to get people out of cars, but that would be a pretty damn weak one.

second of all, the circulator's route is not fixed. if DDOT wants to move it from K street to L street tomorrow, they could do that. there are multiple benefits to having a fixed rail line, and one of them is that the transportation agency running the line can't up and move it elsewhere on a whim.

businesses will feel more comfortable investing along a rail line because they know that's a long-term investment and it isn't going to move. if i buy a building along a bus line, and the move the bus line, i'm screwed for a large part of my foot traffic. on a rail line, i have guaranteed eyes on my display case out front.

 

"and one of them is that the transportation agency running the line can't up and move it elsewhere on a whim."

Point in fact, DDOT has already moved around the Circulator route a few times. It used to come into Georgetown along K and the turn up Wisconsin and then right on M. Now it goes down M and up Wisconsin all the way to Whitehaven. DDOT proposed going back to the old route, but upper-Georgetown complained enough to secure the northerly route.

I suspect it was a bit of retaliation when DDOT cut half the stops along Wisconsin.

 

thanks for giving me a relevant and local example, reid.

 
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